2.2.2 Energy levels – Electrical, Computer & Energy …
Quantum well – Wikipedia, Quantum well – Wikipedia, The infinite well represents one of the simplest quantum mechanical problems: it consists of a particle in a well which is defined by a zero potential between x=0 and x=L x and an infinite potential on either side of the well. The potential and the first five energy levels are shown in the figure below: qwwell.gif. Fig.2.2.1 Potential energy of an infinite well with width L x. Also indicated are the lowest five energy levels in the.
A quantum well is composed of a semiconductor with a narrow band gap sandwiched between two materials with larger band gaps. This configuration is called a type I quantum well. Electrons and holes have their lowest energy states in the middle material and are usually confined to this region. Conducting particles such as electrons or holes are created in semiconductors by deliberately adding impurities.
The electron wavefunctions in such a well consist of a series of standing waves, such as might be found in a resonant cavity in acoustic, optical or microwave technologies. The energy separation between these stationary states is enhanced by the small effective mass of electrons in the conduction bands of direct-gap semiconductors.
Federico Capasso, Shuji Nakamura, Mildred Dresselhaus, Amnon Yariv, Alfred Y. Cho
